Globally Extinct: Mammals
In 2008, the most comprehensive assessment of the world’s mammals has confirmed an extinction crisis, with almost one in four at risk of disappearing forever, according to the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (IUCN 2008). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Version 2011.1) shows that at least 1136 of the 5487 mammal species on Earth are known to be threatened with extinction (Schippers et al. 2008; IUCN 2011). According to the IUCN at least 76 mammal species and 7 mammal subspecies have become extinct since the year 1500 (IUCN 2010; IUCN 2011). However, the real situation could be much worse, as 836 mammal species are listed as Data Deficient (IUCN 2010; IUCN 2011). As information improves, more mammals may well prove to be in danger of extinction or already extinct (IUCN 2008).
Photo: A juvenile male Tasmanian Tiger (Thylacinus cynocephalus) at Hobart Zoo (Tasmania, Australia) taken by Benjamin A. Sheppard in 1928. The animal died the day after it was photographed. This image is of Australian origin and is now in the public domain because its term of copyright has expired. According to the Australian Copyright Council(ACC), ACC Information Sheet G23 (Duration of copyright) (Feb 2008).
Do you know any species or subspecies that should be added to this list or has been rediscoverd? If so, please contact this website.
Species
The subjoined table shows the mammal species that recently became globally extinct.
| Species (85) | |||
| Scientific Name | Common Name | TSEW Status | IUCN Status |
| Bettongia pusilla | Nullarbor Dwarf Bettong | EX | EX |
| Boromys offella | Oriente Cave Rat | EX | EX |
| Boromys torrei | Torre's Cave Rat | EX | EX |
| Boryptera alba | Bory's White Bat | EX | NE |
| Bos primigenius | Aurochs | EX | EX |
| Brotomys voratus | Hispaniolan Edible Rat | EX | EX |
| Caloprymnus campestris | Desert Rat Kangaroo | EX | EX |
| Canariomys tamarani | Giant Canary Island Rat | EX | NE |
| Chaeropus ecaudatus | Pig-footed Bandicoot | EX | EX |
| Conilurus albipes | White-footed Rabbit-rat | EX | EX |
| Coryphomys buehleri | Buhler's Rat | EX | EX |
| Cryptonanus ignitus | Red-bellied Gracile Mouse Opossum | EX | EX |
| Cryptoprocta spelea | Giant Fossa | EX | EX |
| Cuscomys oblativa | Machu Picchu Chinchilla Rat | EX | EX |
| Desmodus draculae | Giant Vampire Bat | EX | EX |
| Dusicyon australis | Falkland Island Wolf | EX | EX |
| Eudorcas rufina | Red Gazelle | EX | DD |
| Gazella arabica | Arabian Gazelle | EX | DD |
| Gazella bilkis | Queen of Sheba's Gazelle | EX | EX |
| Gazella saudiya | Saudi Gazelle | EX | EX |
| Geocapromys columbianus | Cuban Coney | EX | EX |
| Geocapromys thoracatus | Little Swan Island Hutia | EX | EX |
| Heteropsomys insulans | Insular Cave Rat | EX | EX |
| Hexolobodon phenax | Imposter Hutia | EX | EX |
| Hippopotamus lemerlei | Madagascan Dwarf Hippopotamus | EX | EX |
| Hippopotamus madagascariensis | Malagasy Hippo | EX | EX |
| Hippotragus leucophaeus | Bluebuck | EX | EX |
| Hydrodamalis gigas | Steller's Sea Cow | EX | EX |
| Isolobodon montanus | Montane Hutia | EX | EX |
| Isolobodon portoricensis | Puerto Rican Hutia | EX | EX |
| Juscelinomys candango | Candango Mouse | EX | EX |
| Lagorchestes asomatus | Central Hare-wallaby | EX | EX |
| Lagorchestes leporides | Eastern Hare-wallaby | EX | EX |
| Lagostomus crassus | Peruvian Viscacha | EX | EX |
| Macropus greyi | Toolache Wallaby | EX | EX |
| Macrotis leucura | Lesser Bilby | EX | EX |
| Malpaisomys insularis | Lava Mouse | EX | NE |
| Megalomys desmarestii | Antillean Giant Rice Rat | EX | EX |
| Megalomys luciae | Santa Lucia Giant Rice Rat | EX | EX |
| Megaoryzomys curioi | Galapágos Giant Rat | EX | EX |
| Monachus tropicalis | Caribbean Monk Seal | EX | EX |
| Neotoma anthonyi | Anthony's Woodrat | EX | EX |
| Neotoma bunkeri | Bunkers Woodrat | EX | EX |
| Neotoma martinensis | San Martin Island Woodrat | EX | EX |
| Neovison macrodon | Sea Mink | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes edithae | Puerto Rican Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes hypomicrus | Atalaye Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes major | Greater Cuban Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes micrus | Western Cuban Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes paramicrus | Saint Michel Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesophontes zamicrus | Haitian Nesophontes | EX | EX |
| Nesoryzomys darwini | Darwin's Galapagos Mouse | EX | EX |
| Nesoryzomys indefessus | Indefatigable Galapagos Mouse | EX | EX |
| Noronhomys vespuccii | Vespucci's Rodent | EX | EX |
| Notomys amplus | Short-tailed Hopping-mouse | EX | EX |
| Notomys longicaudatus | Long-tailed Hopping-mouse | EX | EX |
| Notomys macrotis | Big-eared Hopping-mouse | EX | EX |
| Notomys mordax | Darling Downs Hopping-mouse | EX | EX |
| Nyctimene sanctacrucis | Nendo Tube-nosed Fruit Bat | EX | DD |
| Oligoryzomys victus | St. Vincent Pygmy Rice Rat | EX | EX |
| Onychogalea lunata | Crescent Nailtail Wallaby | EX | EX |
| Oryzomys antillarum | Jamaican Rice Rat | EX | EX |
| Oryzomys nelsoni | Nelson's Rice Rat | EX | EX |
| Palaeopropithecus ingens | Large Sloth Lemur | EX | EX |
| Perameles eremiana | Desert Bandicoot | EX | EX |
| Peromyscus pembertoni | Pemberton's Deer Mouse | EX | EX |
| Plagiodontia ipnaeum | Samana Hutia | EX | EX |
| Potorous platyops | Broad-faced Potoroo | EX | EX |
| Prolagus sardus | Sardinian Pika | EX | EX |
| Pseudomys glaucus | Blue-grey Mouse | EX | EX |
| Pseudomys gouldii | Gould's Mouse | EX | EX |
| Pteropus brunneus | Dusky Flying Fox | EX | EX |
| Pteropus pilosus | Large Palau Flying Fox | EX | EX |
| Pteropus subniger | Lesser Mascarene Flying Fox | EX | EX |
| Pteropus tokudae | Guam Flying Fox | EX | EX |
| Phyllonycteris major | Puerto Rican Flower Bat | EX | NE |
| Quemisia gravis | Twisted-Toothed Mouse | EX | NE |
| Rattus macleari | Maclear's Rat | EX | EX |
| Rattus nativitatis | Bulldog Rat | EX | EX |
| Rucervus schomburgki | Schomburgk's Deer | EX | EX |
| Rhizoplagiodontia lemkei | Lemke's Hutia | EX | NE |
| Solenodon marcanoi | Marcano's Solenodon | EX | EX |
| Thylacinus cynocephalus | Tasmanian Tiger | EX | EX |
| Xenothrix mcgregori | Jamaican Monkey | EX | EX |
| Zalophus japonicus | Japanese Sea Lion | EX | EX |
Subspecies
The subjoined table shows the mammal subspecies that recently became globally extinct.
| Subspecies (42) | |||
| Scientific Name | Common Name | TSEW Status | IUCN Status |
| Acerodon jubatus lucifer | Panay Giant Fruit Bat | EX | NE |
| Alcelaphus buselaphus buselaphus | Bubal Hartebeest | EX | EX |
| Bettongia gaimardi gaimardi | Eastern Bettong | EX | NE |
| Bettongia penicillata penicillata | Brush-tailed Bettong | EX | NE |
| Bison bonasus caucasicus | Caucasian Wisent | EX | NE |
| Bison bonasus hungarorum | Carpathian Wisent | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus alces | Kenai Peninsula Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus beothucus | Newfoundland Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus bernardi | Banks Island Tundra Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus floridanus | Florida Black Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus fuscus | Cascade Mountains Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus hattai | Hokkaido Japanese Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus hodophilax | Honshu Japanese Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus irremotus | Northern Rocky Mountain Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus mogollonensis | Mogollon Mountain Wolf | EX | NE |
| Canis lupus youngi | Southern Rocky Mountains Wolf | EX | NE |
| Capra pyrenaica lusitanica | Portuguese Ibex | EX | NE |
| Capra pyrenaica pyrenaica | Pyrenean Ibex | EX | NE |
| Cervus canadensis canadensis | Eastern Elk | EX | NE |
| Cervus canadensis merriami | Merriam Elk | EX | NE |
| Conepatus leuconotus telmalestes | Big Thicket Hog-nosed Skunk | EX | NE |
| Diceros bicornis longipes | Western Black Rhinoceros | EX | CR (PE) |
| Equus ferus ferus | Tarpan | EX | NE |
| Equus hemionus hemippus | Syrian Wild Ass | EX | NE |
| Equus quagga quagga | Quagga | EX | EX |
| Geomys pinetis goffi | Goff's Southeastern Pocket Gopher | EX | NE |
| Kobus leche robertsi | Roberts' Lechwe | EX | EX |
| Lagorchestes hirsutus hirsutus | Rufous Hare-wallaby | EX | NE |
| Ourebia ourebi kenyae | Kenya Oribi | EX | EX |
| Panthera leo leo | Barbary Lion | EX | VU |
| Panthera leo melanochaitus | Cape Lion | EX | NE |
| Panthera onca arizonensis | Arizona Jaguar | EX | NE |
| Panthera pardus adersi | Zanzibar Leopard | EX | NE |
| Panthera tigris balica | Bali Tiger | EX | EX |
| Panthera tigris sondaica | Javan Tiger | EX | EX |
| Panthera tigris virgata | Caspian Tiger | EX | EX |
| Phacochoerus aethiopicus aethiopicus | Cape Warthog | EX | NE |
| Procyon lotor gloveralleni | Barbados Raccoon | EX | NE |
| Ratufa indica dealbata | Dangs Giant Squirrel | EX | NE |
| Rhinoceros sondaicus inermis | Indian Javan Rhinoceros | EX | NE |
| Sus cebifrons cebifrons | Cebu Warty Pig | EX | NE |
| Thomomys mazama tacomensis | Tacoma Pocket Gopher | EX | NE |
References
Cheke, A., Hume, J. (2008). Lost Land of the Dodo, An Ecological History of Mauritius, Réunion & Rordrigues. T & AD Poyser, London.
IUCN (2008). IUCN Red List reveals world's mammals in crisis. IUCN Press release 06 October 2008. Downloaded on 18 July 2010 from http://www.iucn.org/about/work/programmes/species/red_list/index.cfm?uNewsID=1695.
IUCN (2010). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2010.4. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 13 November 2010.
IUCN (2011). IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2011.1. <www.iucnredlist.org>. Downloaded on 25 June 2011.
Schipper, J. et al. 2008. The status of the world’s land and marine mammals; diversity, threat, and knowledge. Science 322:225-230.
Turvey, S. (2008). Witness to extinction. How we failed to save the Yangtze River Dolphin. Oxford University Press, New York.
Turvey, S.T. (2009). Holocene mammal extinctions. In: Turvey, S.T. (editor) (2009). Holocene extinctions. Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.
WWF (2007). Rare dolphin spotted in the Yangtze River. 31 August 2007 (available online). Downloaded on 16 September 2007.
| Citation: | Maas, P.H.J. (2011). Globally Extinct: Mammals. In: TSEW (). The Sixth Extinction Website. <http://www.petermaas.nl/extinct>. Downloaded on . |
| Disclaimer: | To make use of this information, please check the <Terms of Use>. |
| Feedback: | If you see any errors, questions or suggestions on what is shown on this page, please contact us so that we can correct or extend the information provided. |
| Updated: | 25 June 2011 |